A variety of services and support are available to help you raise your child. The following information mainly explains public facilities, systems, and financial aid that provide needed consultations and support. Information about daycare centers and kindergartens can also be found.

Infant/toddler health checkup

Your baby is eligible for free health examinations to check his/her development and health when he/she is 3-4 months old, 6-7 months old, 9-10 months old, 18 months old and 3 years old. In addition to height/weight measurements and examination by a doctor, you may consult health care professionals if you have any concerns.

The following information mentions various facilities and programs that can offer parenting consultation and support for you. You may also be eligible for financial support programs that help cover your child-related expenses.

Various support systems have been established to help answer your questions and reduce your anxiety about child-raising and also to protect the health of mothers and children.

Home-visit service for newborn baby

In principle, the local government sends public health nurses and certified midwives to a household with a newborn baby within twenty eight days after birth to give advice and answer questions about baby care, prevention of illness, and the baby's daily life. Contact the municipal office in the ward (or city, town or village) where you reside for more details.

Newborn screening test for metabolic birth defects

The test is provided to a five to seven-day-old baby by taking a blood sample from his/her heel. If test results show that the baby has a certain birth defect, early diagnosis and treatment can prevent developmental problems. The parents are notified of the result by a doctor of the medical institute where the baby was born.

Child guidance center/office (jido sodanjo)

The child guidance center/office provides general consulting services for child-related issues. The center accepts inquiries from the child's family members and other concerned persons over the phone or at the counter. The center's counselors may visit the child's home. The center also supports children with certain illnesses or disabilities and works to protect abused children.

These websites provide useful information related to child-rearing.

Several types of childcare financial support are available for households with young children. Applications for these support programs are mostly made at the municipal office in the ward (or city, town or village) where the applicant resides. Application procedures may vary according to each local government, so contact the municipal office for details.

Child allowance (jido teate)

Child allowance is a national program for households which include child(ren) of 12 years of age or under. There is an income limit requirement to be eligible for the program. The income limit is determined by which pension plan the applicant is enrolled in. If the requirement is met, the following amount of monthly allowance is provided from the birth of the child to the month of March of the year in which the child reaches 12 years of age:

-Child under age 3--10,000 yen (per month)  -Child age 3 and over
	First and second child--5,000 yen (per month) Third child and more--10,000 yen (per month).

Child-rearing allowance (jido ikusei teate)

The child-rearing allowance is provided mainly to single-parent households which meet the income limit requirement. There are two types of this allowance: rearing allowance (ikusei teate) and disability allowance (shogai teate).

Rearing allowance (ikusei teate)

The rearing allowance is provided to a parent/guardian of a child who does not live with his/her parent(s) due to their death or divorce, or when
1) his/her parent suffers from serious disabilities that prevent him/her from being employed;
2) has been detained by the authorities for longer than one year;
3) has abandoned the child for longer than one year; or
4) his/her mother was unmarried when she had the child.
Children in foster care facilities are excluded. The allowance continues until the first March after the child has reached 18 years of age.

Disability allowance (shogai teate)

The allowance is provided to a child under 20 years old who falls into categories 1, 2 or 3 covered by the mental disability certificate (ai-no techo) or categories 1 or 2 covered by the physical disability certificate (shintai shogaisha techo), or suffers from cerebral palsy or progressive muscular atrophy.

Child support allowance (jido fuyo teate)

The child support allowance is a program to assist in the raising of children in households which have no financial support from the child's father, such as divorced single-mother families. The allowance is provided to families that meet the income limit requirement and also one of the following conditions until the first March after their child has reached 18 years of age. Parents and caregivers who rear a mentally or physically-challenged child under 20 years of age are eligible to apply for the special child support allowance.

Special child support allowance (tokubetsu jido fuyo teate)

The allowance is provided to a child under 20 years of age who falls into categories 1, 2 or 3 covered by the mental disability certificate (ai-no techo), categories 1 or 2 covered by the physical disability certificate (shintai shogaisha techo), or categories 3 or 4 covered by the physical disability certificate under certain conditions, or who suffer from internal/mental disorders that are equivalent to the above categories.

Nursery schools (hoikuen or hoikusho) and kindergartens (yochien) are commonly available in Japan for children under school age. The following information should help you understand the difference between these two preschool facilities. We have also listed additional childcare support services and facilities.

	Nursery schools	Kindergartens
School year	Starts in April (may vary for non-registered facilities)	Starts in April
Enrollment	Around January -	Around October - November in previous year
Age	May accept 0 - preschool year	2-year program: 4-6 years old 3-year program: 3-6 years old
Time	Open for eleven hours in general	Starts at 9:00 in general
Tuition	(Registered facilities) Determined by the local government according to the previous year's income of the child's parent. (Non-registered facilities) Determined by each facility.	May vary between facilities. Financial aid for tuition for private kindergartens may be available in some cities.
Types of facilities	Registered nursery school Non-registered nursery school	Public kindergarten Affiliated kindergarten Private kindergarten

Nursery schools accept children who require daytime childcare for specific reasons such as both parents are working or that parents are sick. Nursery schools are welfare facilities established according to the Child Welfare Law and are operated under the authority of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare.

A kindergarten is an educational facility for children of preschool age. Kindergartens are established according to the School Education Law and are operated under the authority of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.

The following are additional facilities and support programs designed to cover childcare needs that are not available at nursery schools and kindergartens. Details of available facilities and services may vary according to each city, so contact the municipal office in the ward (or city, town or village) where you reside for more information.

Home childcare service (hoiku mama)

Home childcare service is a daycare service provided by childcare givers accredited by the local government at their home. Eligible children are under three years of age whose parents are both working or are sick and cannot take care of them. Application procedures and fees may vary according to each city.

Childcare for sick children

The service is available for a child who is sick or is recovering from illness when the child is not being able to attend his/her regular group childcare facilities and his/her parents are not available either to care for the child at home due to their work requirement or other conditions. Necessary childcare and medical attention are provided to the child at a special room attached to the designated childcare/medical facilities or at child's home.

Short stay childcare

Short stay childcare is available at designated nursery schools for children up to 12 years whose parents cannot take care of them due to emergency situations such as sudden illness, childbirth, or tending to family members in hospital.

Temporary childcare/ Childcare on particular days or during particular hours (Tokutei hoiku)

Temporary childcare is available at designated nursery schools during daytime for children whose parents cannot cope with mental and physical burdens of childrearing. Also, there is childcare service available at designated nursery schools for children whose parents cannot take care of them on particular days or particular hours (Tokutei hoiku).

Mother-child living support facilities

The facilities aim to protect and support the independence of single-mother families unable to give adequate care to their child(ren) under 18 years of age for various reasons. Accepted families live together in the facilities and receive advice and support regarding family life, their children's education, and employment. The facilities include living space for the families, a meeting room and a study room and are attended by mother-child counselors, juvenile counselors and other staff. To apply, contact your local welfare office.